Archive for December, 2005

Microfinance in USA

December 22nd, 2005

Most of microfinance is focused on providing small microcredit loans to very low-income micro-business entrepreneurs in developing countries. The model has proven to be very effective in helping people help themselves to earn their way out of extreme poverty.

The New York Times profiled some microlenders experimenting in the USA. They note that in 2003 that there were 246 known microlenders most of which were non-profits. These lenders are providing an interesting service in providing credit to very small businesses which generally sit below the level that the federal Small Business Administration is optimized for. These microlenders are able to move more quickly and provide more flexible products which are often critical for entrepreneurs who are often very time sensitive in their needs. Accion USA, a pioneer of microcredit in Latin America, is one of the leaders in this new experiment with average loan sizes of about $5,600.

While it is encouraging that pioneering efforts to help low-income American residents are underway, this article does not point out that none of these microcredit programs are operationally sustainable and I’m not aware of any of them which even have a plan to get to sustainability. Please let me know if anyone is aware of a program which has developed a model in USA or Canada which is on route to sustainability.

Bureaucracy stifles developing nations exports

December 16th, 2005

Tim Harford wrote an OpEd in today’s New York Times about the myriad of “self-imposed” export bureaucracy that most developing nations still have in place. The context and timing is related to this week’s Hong Kong WTO meetings where the rich nations are unwilling to move forward in reducing agricultural sudsidies which hurt exports of developing nations.

He explains that even if 100% of agricultural subsidies were eliminated, there would be still huge barriers for third world farmers to get their crops to export markets. In Central African Republic, it takes 116 days and 38 signatures for bananas to get to ships for export! On average, sub-Saharan Africa exporters face delays of nearly 50 days for each shipment and require some 20 signatures on at least 8 separate custom forms. (Source: Doing Business in 2006: Creating Jobs publication of the World Bank.) Can you think of a better situation for encouraging a culture of corruption?

An exporter in India requires 22 signatures on 10 documents placing India in the bottom 20 countries in the world for entrepreneurs wanting to export. Brazilian exporters require 39 days to get their produce onto a ship which means that some agricultural products are just not feasible to export.

In comparison, China can get exports moving in 20 days, the USA in 9 days and Denmark in 5 days.

Tim Harford is a columnist for The Financial Times and author of The Undercover Economist: Exposing Why the Rich Are Rich, the Poor Are Poor.

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